Invasive Box Tree Moth has reached West Virginia’s eastern panhandle

CHARLESTON, W.Va. – The W.Va. Department of Agriculture has confirmed the presence of the Box Tree Moth (Cydalima perspectalis) in Berkeley County, marking the first detection of the invasive pest in West Virginia.

Native to East Asia, the Box Tree Moth feeds primarily on boxwood plants (Buxus species), a popular ornamental shrub widely used in landscapes across West Virginia, according to Kent Leonhardt, the state commissioner of agriculture.

Map showing the arrival of the Box Tree Moth in West Virginia.

Since its initial detection in North America near Lake Ontario in 2021, the pest has rapidly spread. It is now confirmed in Delaware, Massachusetts, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and, as of 2025, West Virginia.

“This pest poses a serious threat to boxwood plants, which are foundational elements in many residential and commercial landscapes,” Leonhardt said.

“Early detection is critical, and we’re asking homeowners and landscapers to keep an eye out and report any suspicious damage.”

Box Tree Moth larvae feed on the leaves and bark of boxwoods, potentially causing complete defoliation and plant death. The lime-green caterpillars are small and difficult to detect in early stages, often blending in with foliage. Infestations may not be noticeable until significant damage has occurred.

Signs of infestation include:

• Chewed or missing leaves
• Presence of small green caterpillars
• Webbing on or inside the plant
• Bark stripping in advanced stages

The pest can produce multiple generations per year, compounding the damage if left untreated.

If caught early, the moth can be effectively managed with treatment options such as Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Btk), a naturally derived pesticide safe for use on boxwoods and available at many garden centers. Multiple insecticides labeled for BTM control may also be effective. Always read and follow all pesticide label instructions.

Residents who suspect their boxwoods may be affected by Box Tree Moth are encouraged to contact the WVDA immediately for confirmation and treatment guidance.

Contact the WVDA at 304-558-2212 or bugbusters@wvda.us. For more information about the Box Tree Moth and treatment recommendations, visit agriculture.wv.gov.